The Era of Reconstruction in American History and its Aftermath Essay - 1

The Era of Reconstruction in American History and its Aftermath - Essay Example The proposal culminated in the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, which formally abolished slavery in America. After the demise of Abraham Lincoln, who was the champion of reconstruction, Andrew Johnson continued his policies and vowed to abolish slavery altogether and reconstruct America. Various states moved fast to institute fundamental laws that curtailed the full acquisition of the rights of slaves. Mississippi quickly instituted the anti-black codes limiting the free movement of the freed slaves (Franklin 210). The Civil Rights Act occasioned a move by the Congress further to assert the changing status of former slaves. The Civil Rights Act conferred on former slaves the right to own and transfer property and the right to equal treatment as the white Americans. However, even with the ratification of the civil rights act, the definition of a â€Å"citizen† still remained obscured. In an affirmative move, the Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1867. The fundamental aim of the 14th amendment was to confer liberty and citizenship to the freed slaves. Prior formation of the civil rights act, various states employed various attempts to limit the freedom of former slaves. For instance, Louisiana adopted the grandfather clause that only allowed men to vote if their grandfathers were eligible voters prior to the civil war. The blacks in the south responded to these limitations by the states through mass migrations to the urban northern states. However, in a tactical move to stifle the interests of freed slaves, Washington in his Atlanta Compromise asserted the need for the slaves to engage in economic production and disenfranchise from social agitation. Du Bois philosophically attacked Washington for his stance against the freed slaves. In his â€Å"the souls of Black folks,† Du Bois agitated not only for education but equal access to education for the blacks (Franklin 254). He strongly expressed

HUman CApital Management Essay Example for Free

HUman CApital Management Essay However, only since two decades ago, he whole culture of human resource management changed drastically due to extensive influence of internet, wireless connection and Steve Job. This paradigm shift of HRM was mooted by most of the present Fortune 500 companies such as Apple, Google and Bloomberg. These companies which was formed about two decades ago changed the landmark of Human Resource Management. Human Resource Department changed role from hiring and administrating workforce for the company to engaging and managing talent and human capital to add value to the organizations performance and success. The trend was established that human apital or the people of the organization are the core which shall be well capitalised requirement changed drastically. One of it is the performance management of this human capital. This literature analysed on what are the problem faced in measuring performance management or appraisal of staffs, the factors prompting organization to reconsider or overhaul their performance management system and on how organization could improve the performance management system to suit current SHRM environment which the workforce demands. The problems with the appraisal system were found to be standard of performance measurement, more Judgemental n appraising, poor skills of appraiser and the frequency of performance appraisal. These shortcomings are due to the evolving nature of business environment which are caused by globalization, new approach of people management, knowledge economy, generational expectations, technology advancement etc. Discussion to improve performance appraisal leads to aspect of new philosophy of HRM, improved appraisal model, Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM), and defined roles of managers.

Censorship Essay -- Essays Paper

Censorship After threatening the Communications Decency Act with a vetos of the past versions, President Bill Clinton signed the bill into law on February 8, 1996.1 Before hand, congress approved the largest change of the nation's communications laws in 62 years. One of the largest controversial topics included in the bill is the censorship of pornography, which now is a strenuously enforced crime of distributing knowingly to children under 18. The congress overwhelmingly passed the bill with a landslide 414-16 House vote and a 91-5 Senate vote.2 It seems now that the wide bill might not be what it cracked up to be, as it stands now, anyone who might upload James Joyce's Ulysses could be placed in jail for two years and have up to a $250,000 fine.3 Representatives of on-line services industries were concerned about the bill, and feared they could be held criminally responsible for Internet conversations.4 "We face a unique disturbing and urgent circumstance, because it is children who are the computer experts in our nations families," remarked a concerned Rep. Senator of India Dan Coats.5 Although in reality, censorship would do little to stop the pornography problems. The bill is a nation legislation trying to control a international network, which is virtually impossible. According to the First Amendment, Americans were granted to write anything they please, whether it's indecent or not, several series of judicial decisions also helped the freedom down the road.6 Nebraskan Democrat James Exon, put together an informational binder known as the Blue Book to show the Senate about the goings on within the Internet.7 Along the pages of the Blue Book were pictures of people bound and being burned by cigarettes, people pierced with swords and people involved in sexual activities with animals.8 The Senate, acknowledging their ignorance of the Internet, passed Exon's proposal after seeing the pictures in the Blue Book.9 Along with distribution of pornography, a person carries the chance of two years in prison and a $250,000 fine which is a good reason to restrict much of the flow.10 The Internet is extremely massive, filled with usenet newsgroups, web pages, IRC channels, ftp sites, gopher sites and much more. The Internet is the last and largest frontier of uncensored speech, anything from friendly chat to child por... ...ther person might be secretly trading child porn. With over 30 million users on the Internet, no one can guarantee that no pornography will stray down from someone. Bibliography "Background Information." Editorial On File, Vol 27, Number 3, February 1-15, 1996, p 148. "Background Information." Editorial On File, Vol 26, Number 12, June 16-30, 1995, p. 728. Elmer-Dwitt, Philip. "On a Screen Near You: Cyberporn." Time July 3, 1995, EBSCO-CD. Lloyd, Fonda. "Is it Wise to Censor the Net?" Black Enterprise, December, 1995, EBSCO-CD. Dibbell, Julian. "Muzzling the Internet." Time December 18, 1995, EBSCO-CD. Levy, Steven, and others. "No Place for Kids?" Newsweek, July 3, 1995, EBSCO-CD. "Background Information." Editorial On File, Vol. 27, Number 11, June 1-15, 1996, p. 700. Barlow, John, "Thinking Locally, Acting Glabally." Time, January 15, 1996, EBSCO-CD. Sirico, Robert A. "Don't censor the Internet." Forbes, July 29, 1996, EBSCO-CD. Olson, Renee, and others. "Critics say Time Exaggerated Cyberporn Threat." School Library Journal, October, 1995, EBSCO-CD. Spertus, Ellen. "Filtering the Net." Technology Review, October, 1995, EBSCO-CD.

Essay --

Ambiguous Adventure Essay Ambiguous Adventure, written by Cheikh Hamidou Kane, compares traditional Islamic education with the new western education that was introduced through colonization. The novel follows the journey of Samba Diallo whose home of Diallobe was conquered by the French and was being colonized. Ambiguous Adventure demonstrates the traditional Islamic education in comparison to the new western education and ideals throughout Samba Diallo’s journey. Samba Diallo grew up in Diallobe in an elite family. Diallobe was recently colonized by the French and his town is having a hard time assimilating to the French ideal and education. Diallo describes this colonization that â€Å"we have nothing left - thanks to them - and it is thus that they hold us. He who wants to live, who wants to remain himself, must compromise† (pg. 9). Diallo spent most of his childhood in the Glowing Hearth, a koranic school, being taught by his koranic teacher Thierno. Thierno believed that Diallo has a divine gift, and is especially hard on Diallo in order to drive him to achieve greater things. Thierno believes that Diallo will become the next koranic teacher of Diallobe. Diallo becomes a religious disciple, however right before he is about to learn how to apply his knowledge of the Koran, he is pulled from the Glowing Hearth to be sent to the new western school. â€Å"I had interrupted my studies with the teacher of the Diallobe at the very momen t when he was about to initiate me at last into the rational understanding of what up to then I had done no more than recite† (pg. 143). The Most Royal Lady is Diallo’s older cousin, and sister to the chief of Diallobe. She calls a community meeting and decides that in order to fight back against the coloni... ...t rather learn how to fight back. On the flip side, the Modern education represents the Modernist point of view during colonization. They want to learn how to incorporate parts of French culture and philosophy into their traditional Islamic ways. Samba Diallo makes the transformation into a modernist throughout the book, however he was never fully able to show his new philosophical knowledge because he was killed. If Diallo had completed his koranic knowledge, then he might of been rooted stronger in it and wouldn’t of been so torn between his Islamic roots and the new western ideas. Ambiguous Adventure shows how the traditional Islamic education and the new western education played a big role during the process of colonization. By: Ashley Fleetwood Word Count: 1,416 Kane, Cheikh Hamidou. â€Å"Ambiguous Adventure†. Melville House Publishing. Brooklyn, New York. 2012

Ford Motor Company: Organizational Agility Essay

Ford Motor Company has recently experienced a problem with regard to a fraudulent e-mail which notifies consumers that the company has chosen them as the winner of a Ford Edge Jeep and that they can claim their prize after they have deposited a certain amount in a bank account. The company immediately issued a statement within a few days saying that the notifications are not from the company and that the e-mails are scams designed to acquire personal information from unwary individuals, especially from the consumers of Ford Motors. Moreover, the company released a public statement claiming that the company is not in any way connected with the e-mails circulating over the internet inasmuch as the company has not granted either authority or permission to use the name of the company, its trademark and its intellectual properties in order to engage in such a scam. The company noted that the e-mails may be a form of â€Å"phishing† activity, and advised the consumers to simply delete the message and avoid replying. In terms of demonstrating environmental responsiveness, the Ford Motor Company has formulated a way in order to reduce greenhouse gases used in painting vehicles by as much as 15 percent. The new paint technology is not only â€Å"environmentally sound† but also efficient in terms of cost such that painted automobiles are more durable and look more beautiful than before. The technology used is a combination of â€Å"advanced chemical formulation of high-solids† with a â€Å"three-wet application process† which uses paint shop that is more earth-friendly as compared to traditional vehicle paints. Apart from the reduction in CO2 emissions from the painting of vehicles, the new paint technology also boasts the benefit of a decrease in VOCs or volatile organic compounds by as much as 10 percent. The company states that it can save money in the production of the vehicles and lessen the completion of painting an automobile by a fifth of the total time previously estimated. More importantly, there is also a great reduction in the amount of conventional paint used in the painting process. Even if the Ford Motor Company has already used the new painting technology, the company is still gathering data for wider application. The monitoring of the automobiles over the next year will give the company more data which will enable them to gather â€Å"long-term rollout plans† for the pioneering paint technology that they have developed. In fact, the company has already won international acclaim in France for the new paint technology. The concepts of Total Quality Management apply to the Ford Motor Company in terms of how it handles the current environmental requirements in the industry. Instead of abandoning or taking a step back from the automobile industry, the company opted to stay ahead of the rest by developing tools which will meet the environmental demands of the time. The ability to manage the company efficiently and effectively in such a pressing circumstance is equally significant to the ability to enact the company visions and progress on them through time. The company acts by not resorting to isolated departments in handling the issue at hand. Rather, the company makes the full use of its structured departments in order to arrive at a better approach in providing the suitable method to address the environmental issues typically attributed to automobile companies. That is, Ford Motor Company’s efforts to develop the new paint technology incorporated the input coming from the production department to the conception department. Post-production departments also share a role in assessing the actual impacts of the new paint technology which allows for the acquisition and accumulation of new data which can be used as basis for great improvements in the future.

Free Essays on A Prayer for Owen Meany

for Owen and his needs. Also, the author uses his â€Å"prayers for Owen† to illustrate to the audience that this man who is so rare must be a gift of God and must be prayed about and often reflected upon. He is a sign of the holy and the supernatural. The setting of the book is in many places because of the author’s erratic flavor in which he chooses to reminisce. In most scenes, the author tells of his life in the late 40’s / early 50’s in Gravesend, New Hampshire. The author himself is writing from his home in 1987 in Toronto, Canada, however most action takes place in his flashbacks occurring in and around Gravesend, (whether it be the Academy, 80 Front Street, or The Meany Granite Quarry.) What is significant about Gravesend is that it is an extremely older town founded by Mayflower descendents, many of which belong to the families of the town’s elite, aristocratic older society. The Wheelwright family can be traced back to the town’s founders, and John’s grandmother is considered an aristocrat of Gravesend. The main theme centers around the emerging theme of religious faith and doubt. John struggles throughout the book to resolve his religious faith with his skepticism and doubt, but at the end of the novel he isn’t required to make a real choice between the two extremes. John begins the novel by saying that Owen is the reason that he is a Christian man, and the rest of the novel explains his reasoning. It also themes around courage and belief through the means of faith. To John, Owen’s existence is a miracle and Owen is a distinct proof of God’s existence.... Free Essays on A Prayer for Owen Meany Free Essays on A Prayer for Owen Meany The title A Prayer for Owen Meany is referred upon several times throughout the story. The author uses the â€Å"prayers for Owen† by illustrating the reverend’s difficulty to create proper words for Owen and his needs. Also, the author uses his â€Å"prayers for Owen† to illustrate to the audience that this man who is so rare must be a gift of God and must be prayed about and often reflected upon. He is a sign of the holy and the supernatural. The setting of the book is in many places because of the author’s erratic flavor in which he chooses to reminisce. In most scenes, the author tells of his life in the late 40’s / early 50’s in Gravesend, New Hampshire. The author himself is writing from his home in 1987 in Toronto, Canada, however most action takes place in his flashbacks occurring in and around Gravesend, (whether it be the Academy, 80 Front Street, or The Meany Granite Quarry.) What is significant about Gravesend is that it is an extremely older town founded by Mayflower descendents, many of which belong to the families of the town’s elite, aristocratic older society. The Wheelwright family can be traced back to the town’s founders, and John’s grandmother is considered an aristocrat of Gravesend. The main theme centers around the emerging theme of religious faith and doubt. John struggles throughout the book to resolve his religious faith with his skepticism and doubt, but at the end of the novel he isn’t required to make a real choice between the two extremes. John begins the novel by saying that Owen is the reason that he is a Christian man, and the rest of the novel explains his reasoning. It also themes around courage and belief through the means of faith. To John, Owen’s existence is a miracle and Owen is a distinct proof of God’s existence....

Subliminal Advertising Research Paper Example

Subliminal Advertising Research Paper Example Subliminal Advertising Paper Subliminal Advertising Paper Subliminal advertising has a lot of impact on the consumer behavior. Before putting an insight into the ins and outs of the subliminal advertising, we must catch the idea of the consumer behavior. What is consumer behavior? Consumer behavior involves the psychological processes that consumers go through in identifying requirements, looking for ways to solve these requirements, making buying decisions, that is whether or not to buy that product and, if so, which brand and where, interpret information, make plans and execute those plans. Thus we can define consumer behavior as the study of how, when, why and where people do or they do not purchase a particular product. It mixes elements from sociology, psychology, social anthropology and economics. It also tries to comprehend the purchaser’s decision making process, both as an individual and as well as in groups. It studies characteristics of individual consumers such as demographics and behavioral variables in an attempt to understand consumer’s requirements. One such tool of familiarizing the consumers with the new products is subliminal advertising. Now let us understand how subliminal advertising works. Subliminal advertising involves the utilization of messages sent to the subconscious mind in order to persuade people about a particular product or service from the inner core of their minds. It is the subconscious mind of a person that is accountable for controlling every action and thought instigated by certain conditions. These thoughts and actions include memory extraction and storage as well as breathing and body temperature maintenance among others. The subconscious mind even controls most of the core traits and characteristics possessed by our conscious mind. All these aspects make subliminal advertising a mighty force to reckon with when it comes to persuading people about a certain product or service. The US government banned this form of advertising right after Dr James Vicary released an experiment that involved 100 millisecond-flashes of the messages â€Å"Drink more coke† and â€Å"I want popcorn† that appeared in front of a movie audience back in the 1970s. The people who were part of the experiment did not see the messages that appeared on the screen from the technical point of view, but popcorn and Coke sales soared by more than 50% and 15%, respectively, after the collective subconscious minds of the crowd had been exposed to the pioneer subliminal advertisements. The US government lifted the ban right after groups of people and reputable institutions argued that subliminal messaging could work out miracles. These groups even considered subliminal messaging as a medium that can play a significant role in the treatment of mental disorders and severe depression. But now a days, subliminal advertising is still coping with both ethical and technical legalities since this form of subliminal messaging can invoke advertisers all over the world to control masses of people in buying their products and services without the conscious consent of the people themselves. But some argue that subliminal advertising is not scientifically proven to produce successful results despite the popular experiment of Dr James Vicary back in the 1970s. This is just a popular disbelief as most people have not heard of the results of the 1970 Dr James Vicary experiment. This is because the experiment is still cryptic under a cloak of legendary fiction up to this day. This may be due to the US governments code of secrecy. The fact is that it is scientifically proven that subliminal messaging or advertising can produce quantifiable results. Subliminal advertising or messaging does not necessarily involve unseen messages. It can be done through various methods and means. Graphic designers have discovered many methods. Now the next question that arises in ones mind is why companies use such advertising. An important objective in any capitalist society, firm or company is to make money, usually by selling goods and services. Business people make advertisements in order to allure consumers. With this object in mind, it is no surprise that there are subliminal advertisements; subliminally embedding something that fascinates consumers is a great way to help reach their goal. Consciously, however, people like to be in control of their thoughts. Companies can embed messages into their advertising media in a shockingly large variety of ways. One of the most well-known methods is quickly flashing an image onto a screen. Many people have heard of the theater incident in which moviegoers were flashed phrases inciting them to eat popcorn, and buy cola(Todd). This is done with the help of a machine called a tachistoscope which can flash frames lasting 1/3000th of a second at five second intervals. This was used to increase popcorn and cola. Words have also been subliminally embedded in images by the companies. It has been debated that the only subliminal messages that work are the ones that can be retrieved through some systematic process. Embedded images and words in pictures can usually be studied long enough to figure it out; if not, computers can easily increase brightness, contrast, and other properties to bring out the hidden message(s). Subliminal messages are there to do what they do best: influence people. They often are incorporated into ads to influence people to purchase products, music for any possible reason, and other forms of entertainment in order to get more money out of consumers. Now let us know what are different methods of such advertising? Graphic design artists have a plethora of tools at their disposal to efficiently embed subliminal messages into their pictures. First is embedding. Embedding is the processing of hiding one image in the form of another. This is a difficulty process. The female torso in the Diet Coke can is an example of embedding. Many images, phrases, and slogans have hidden double meanings behind them. This is called double entendre. Symbolism can also go into this category. For example Microsofts Where do you want to go today? Other techniques are tachistoscopic display and lighting and background sound which are used in film and video advertisers. Tachistoscopic displays flash images onto the screen in fractions of a second not perceivable by the conscious mind. Another method tachistoscopic displays can use is superimposing the image onto existing image just below the conscious perception level. Lighting and background sound adjust the mood of the scenery. In most cases, it reinforces the conscious perception. Some examples are- If you put the Coca-Cola logo on its side, and add a little fantasy, you can see a smoking man. Some sources say it looks like a person snorting cocaine. Last but not the least; I would like to say that subliminal advertising is an quintessential tool that influence the masses positively and negatively, hence it should be used prudently. Work Cited Stark, Todd. â€Å"Is Subliminal Influence Used in Advertising? †. April 6, 2010, realmagick. com/articles/47/547. html